A burn is damage to the skin caused by heat. Burns and scalds can occur from certain tools, appliances, hot water, or the sun. Every 60 seconds, someone in the United States sustains a burn serious enough to require treatment.In 2018, roughly 70,000 people went to the emergency room because of contact burns. About one-third of these patients were children under the age of 5.
Types of Burns
First Degree (Minor)
- First degree burns usually result in redness and mild pain.
Second Degree (Moderate)
- Second degree burns are usually bright red with a moist or blistered appearance.
Third Degree (Severe)
- Third degree burns usually appear charred or ashen and are black or brown in color.
- These burns can result in devastating injury including the loss of function, loss of limbs, disfigurement, reoccurring infection, and sometimes death.
How to Treat a Burn
- Turn off the heat source and make sure the surroundings are safe.
- Remove clothing and jewelry near a burn, but do not peel off clothing stuck to the burn.
- Run cool water (not cold or icy) on the burn for 5-10 minutes until the pain subsides.
- Apply an antibiotic ointment or dressing to the burn to keep it moist. Do not use creams or greasy substances like butter, toothpaste, or eggs. These can cause infection.
- Call 9-1-1 if you have a burn that affects your mobility or sensation, for any burn larger than your hand, or if the burn affects the feet, face, eyes or genitalia.
Burn Prevention Tips
- Create a safety zone of at least 3 feet around hot objects or appliances.
- Do not leave hot objects unattended and unplug tools when not in use.
- Keep hot objects away from counter edges and out of the reach of children.
燒傷是由高溫引起的皮膚損傷。燒傷和燙傷可能由某些工具、器具熱水或太陽造成的。在美國，每60秒就有一人遭受到嚴重燒傷需要治療。
2018年，大約有7萬人因接觸性燒傷而進入急診室，這些患者中的三分之一是5歲以下的兒童。
燒傷類型
一度（輕微）
- 一級燒傷通常會導致紅腫和輕微疼痛。
二度（中等）
- 二度燒傷通常為鮮紅色，外觀潮濕或氣泡。
三度（嚴重）
- 三度燒傷通常表現為燒焦或焦灰，顏色為黑色或棕色。
- 這些燒傷可導致毀滅性損傷，包括功能喪失、四肢喪失、毀容、複發、感染，甚至死亡。
如何應對燒傷
- 關掉熱源，確保周圍環境安全。
- 除去燒傷部位附近的衣物和首飾，但不要剝離粘在傷口上的衣服。
- 在傷口處用涼水（不是冷水或冰水）沖洗5-10分鐘，直到疼痛減輕。
- 在傷口處塗上抗生素軟膏或敷藥以保持濕潤。不要使用奶油或牙膏或雞蛋等油膩物質，這些物質會引起感染。
- 如果你的燒傷影響了你的活動能力或感覺，任何比你的手掌大的燒傷，或者如果燒傷影響到腳、臉、 眼睛或生殖器，請撥打9-1-1。
預防燒傷小貼士
- 在熱的物體或器具周圍建立至少3英尺的安全區域。
- 切勿將高溫物品放在無人看管的地方，不適用時拔下工具插頭。
- 將高溫物品放在遠離櫃檯邊緣和兒童夠不到的地方。